Understanding structure and ownership in the creative media sector.
Creative media consists of the following sectors: publishing, radio, TV, advertising and marketing, animation, film, games, interactive media and photo imaging. In this assignment I will be writing abut the structure and ownership of the sectors above.
The fact of being owned by a private individual or organisation, rather than by the state or a public body.
Private Services-
The part of the economy that is not state controlled, and is run by individuals and companies for profit. The private sector encompasses that all for- profit businesses that are not owned for operated by the government.
Cross Media -
Cross -media marketing is a form of cross-promotion in which promotional companies
commit to surpassing traditional advertisement techniques and decide to include extra appeals to the products they offer. The material can be communicated by any mass media such as emails, letters, web pages or other recruiting sources.
https://prezi.com/zhetcguu5ujl/undersanding-the-structure-and-ownership-of-the-media-sector/
TV:
TV is one of the biggest Media industry and it has a lot of competition that employs over 50,000 people and its probably that popular because TV can broadcast around the world. With TV being so popular people will want to be employed to work in the TV media because they will get a lot of money (in certain parts you will).Also TV has many different programmes and films which means that they will be a TV programme/film for everyone. Specifically, in the UK, TV is dominated by a few main/popular broadcasters, however they're also many smaller broadcasters but they will not be as popular in the TV media industry because people haven't discovered there TV channels or people might not like/ agree with there content. The main broadcasters are:
- The BBC- Public company, funded by the TV license.
- ITV- Private Company, 60% owned by ITV PLC but its also partly owned STV Group PLC (Scotland) and UTV ( Northern Ireland)
- Channel 4- Private Company, funded by advertising.
- Channel 5- Private Company - Owned by Northern & Shell (which is owned by Richard Desmond).
These TV channels could be so popular because they are broadcasted to more people unlike the smaller TV channels/programmes which might be for example only broadcasting in Northern Ireland. Also they might not have as much advertisement as some TV channels do which is why they are not getting a bigger audience watching.
The BBC is one of the most popular TV, media sectors and with 50,000 people employed in the TV industry a lot of them will be working for the BBC. Here is the structure so you will understand more:
Development: This is when the TV company, producers, writers, etc will try and come up with a plot/ idea for the TV show idea.
Pre Production: When you make storyboards, edit more of the script before it locks, decide what characters you need, etc. This is also when you decide how much money need for your budget.
Production: This is when you make your TV show and record the actors/ actresses. For example this is when you would shoot your first episodes.
Post Production: This is when you edit the episodes and discuss if you should change anything in the editing and this is where you add more special effects, music, etc.
Distribution: This when you will give the TV show the channel you want for example with Misfits they gave there show to Channel 4 and then you give them the date and time you would like it to be aired.
Exhibition: Finally this is when the show is aired on the channel that you want it to hopefully be on.
Radio:
Radio is one of the oldest forms of mass media. Radio also transmits around the world but it only transmits sound-based media to the likes of a car radios, TV or you can even purchase a radio. Unlike a TV you can take a radio anywhere with you and it could get connection, for example camping, but it depends if you can get connection where you are. However radio is not as popular as it used to be when it first came out in 1906. It was probably really popular back then because you could listen to everything you needed to on the radio (news, music, ect) but now we have TV, phones, ect which means that radio is not as updated as the things we have today so its dying out. Plus you can listen to the radio on those things now so they're are not as needed as much. But some people still listen to the radio in the car because you obviously you cant go on your phone or watch TV ect when you drive. They're three main sections of radio:
-Publicly funded radio- Taxpayer funded (for example BBC,Radio 1)
- Commercial Radio- Advert funded (foe example Metro Radio)
- Community and voluntary radio- Hospital radio stations,etc (for example Hospital radio Hilingdon [1970-2012]
Distribution: This is when you would think of what type of radio show you would like and what radio station you would like it on.
Pre Production: In this part you need to make your storyboards, scripts, etc and this is also a chance for everyone to share there ideas which can improve the radio show.
Production: This is when you will do rehearsals for the radio and this is when they might previously record the show before they air it. But if they are 100% sure with there idea they will just do there idea live but for example they will have to give there idea to the head of there office before they let it air just in case your show might offend someone or it might not be a good idea for the radio station.
Post Production: This is when you take pre-recorded radio 'skits' and you can edit parts out or edit sound effects in. But you an also improve the sound of the recording.
Distribution: This when you give it to the head of the radio station and if they like it you let them know the time what station you would like it to be aired.
Exhibition: This when it will be aired for everyone to listen to.
Ownership: Some radio stations like the BBC one are publicly owned which means that it is funded by the public and when more people listen to the radio station it earns more money to improve the radio stations shows and for there licence fees.
Film:
Film is one of the most successful sectors in the media industry. The film industry has over 27,800 employees. 62% are employed in exhibition, 34% are in production and the remaining 4% are in distribution. However they're 6 specific components to the film industry, development, pre-production, production, post production, distribution, exhibition.
Development: In development they have a distributor and the distributor along with some other companies are involved throughout the movie. For example Disney work with Marvel and whilst this was happening marvel where making a film called Captain America Civil War. Also in development you plan the film and the idea for the film.
Pre-Production: The people who help in the pre production are the producer, director, insurance advisors, line producers, artistic director, casting director, director of photography, investors, graphic artists, location manager, lighting designers and the gaffers. Pre-production is when you make the storyboards, write and edit the scripts, ect.
Production: Is when the director,ect shoot the film.
Post production: The people who help with the post production are the director, editors, graphic designers, sound designer, colour corrector and data wrangler. In post production the colour correct your film footage and they edit it and then the end result is the finished film.
Distribution: This is when you take the film you have made and you dispatch it to the cinemas you choose. It could be around the world or just in one place/ country. It depends how big your film is going to be.
Exhibition: This when you release your films in the cinema and then later on in the year you release it on DVD.
Ownership: They're are many conglomerate ownerships in film but a big one is Disney. They own many things but it is mostly known for owning Marvel.
The film industry is dominated by many major companies for example Disney (as I mentioned before), paramount, 21st century fox, etc. However they're some smaller companies such as pinewood studios, a small British company, etc. Smaller studios don't usually end up making hugely popular films but if the do its really rare.
Animation:
Animation is the most vital sectors in the media industry because TV, film, video, games, adverts, interactive media and marketing. TV, adverts and film all use animation as a technique for producing shows, adverts and films. But they also use animation for special effect and video games are based on imaginary world in which a person will create a character and it will make it feel like they are in the game.
The main animation companies are:
DreamWorks (Owned by Paramount)
Pixar (Owned by Disney)
However they're some smaller animation companies to and they have been successful. One of them is called Aardman Animation of the UK.
Development: This is the part when the producers and writers come up with a new film idea.
Pre Production: This is when they make the mood boards/storyboards and other planning things. But this is when they also make digital characters or models. This will also be when they might want to change some ideas before they lock scripts.
Production: When they have made the characters, sets, etc. This is when they will create the individual animated frames for the animation of your choice.
Post Production: This is when you check that the animation has gone correctly and change any mistakes. This is also when you edit and add any special effects, etc.
Distribution: Is when you give your animation to the person/channel who is going to be showing it.
Exhibition: This is where the animation will be shown on TV or in the cinema. For example the animation 'Shaun The Sheep' is a TV show on CBBC but it was also made into a film.
Ownership: You can get different kinds of animation but for example Disney brought out a film called Frozen and Disney is part of a conglomerate which means its owned by Disney.
Interactive Media:
Interactive media is the sector that creates social media websites which is where people can go to create content if they would like to.
Some of these websites are called:
Twitter
Facebook
YouTube
Google
Tumblr
The interactive media sector is worth over several billion pound and it employs over 34,000 people. Most people use interactive media everyday and don't even realise they are. People use Twitter and Facebook to communicate with each other, YouTube is mostly used to listen to music and to watch YouTuber's and Tumblr is used mostly to share creative content like art, etc. But interactive media is mostly used on smartphones or tablets because it is a lot easier and quicker to get on it on there. Also you can then go on it wherever you go unlike about ten years ago, you would have had to stay at home and go on the computer.
Developement: What is the type of game that you would like to make what is the plot of the game?
Pre Production: This is when you discuss your ideas and then you put your ideas on storyboards, discuss different script ideas before the script is locked, etc.
Production: This is when the game is designed and created by the game designers.
Post Production: This is when the games is tested and when you get different people ( most likely teenagers or young adults) to test them out and they can give you there opinions on the game so you can make changes before you release it.
Distribution: This is when you give your games to shops so then they can release them.
Exhibition: This when the game is released to the public.
Ownership: Rockstar are a big company that create well known games like GTA and so is Bully but they are both privately owned.
Games/ Computer games:
Computer games are becoming very popular throughout global media. Computer games are slowly but surely becoming bigger in the media sector as people like YouTubers can make money from playing video games and it is becoming popular with teenagers and young adults. The gaming sector of media is currently making a lot more money than the DVD sector.
The top five biggest gaming companies are:
Activision
Electronic Arts
Nintendo
Sony
Capcom
Publishing:
The publishing sector of media focuses distributing and producing and its usually text based.
This includes media such as:
Press (Newspapers and Magazines)
Online Journals
Books
Photos
Posters (Adverts-Marketing)
Mailing Lists
However they're some British publishing companies such as Co & Bear Productions, Hersperus House and Plexus Productions.
Development: This will be where you come up with the idea for your book for example what's the idea/plot?
Pre Production: This is when you write down different ideas, what's going to be in the script. This is also when you develop your plot further.
Production: This is when they write the book.
Post Production: This is when the publisher will re-read the book to see if you need to make any changes or if they're are any mistakes.
Distribution: This when the book is finished and shipped off to different shops/ book stores.
Exhibition: This is when the book is released.
Ownership: The writers are usually individually owned which means they get all the profit and all rights will go to them. Unless they have a ghost writer which means they write it for them and then they put there names on the book and give the ghost writer credit. This means the ghost writer will need some profit and writing rights to.
Advertising and Marketing:
Advertising is a form of communication to try and persuade and advertise. Most of the time adverts are to promote products service but they can also be public service adverts which tell us helpful information about our health.
Advertisements come many forms:
Newspapers
Magazines
Online Advertisements
Television commercials
Outdoor advertisements (billboards, posters, etc)
However they are different advertising departments for example account services, creative, production, media and other services.
Development: This is when you think of different ideas of what product you would like to sell and different ideas and how you would like to promote it.
Pre Production: In this part you will write different things you need to do. For example you will talk about the budget and what products, etc you will need for the advertisement.
Production: This is when you make the advertisement or film it and also when the product is made.
Post Production: This is when you can change/improve the advertisement e.g photo shopping something or editing things out. Also its to make sure that everything was filmed smoothly and to cut bits out if you need to. Plus this is for when the product will be having its final tests.
Distribution: This is when the product is sent to shops and the advertisements are sent to different channels and the posters,billboards are getting ready to be put up.
Exhibition: This is when the adverts are put up everywhere and the products are released to the public.
Ownership: This can also be seen as a conglomerate because say for example marvel brought out a toy Disney would still be the owner because like I said before Disney own marvel.
Marketing in media involves a lot of communication so then you can have great value products for the customers and great service. This is done with extensive marketing campaigns.
They're are 4 P's to marketing:
Product: What is being sold?
Promotion: Why should people buy it?
Price: How much is it?
Place: where can you buy it?
Public owned-
e.g BBC
Advantages:
The BBC aim at certain age ranges and they see what TV shows would be best for them. This means that it attracts more people to there channels and that people will enjoy there shows. Also this means that people will control what is shown on TV/ radio.
Even though TV shows are aimed at certain ages they are a range of shows for every age.
Disadvantages:
We have to pay to license this.
Privately Owned:
Advantages:
The company can control what is going to happen with the channels. For example they choose what TV shows for which age range, etc.
They have more freeway on what they would like to put on there channels.
Disadvantages:
The people who watch that channel have less of an input so they cant choose what shows that would be good on the channel.
Also they will make less money because not as many people will want to watch there channel because they have not got the shows on that they would like to watch.
Conglomerates/Subsidiary:
Advantages:
Help each other when they're are making new ideas. This is good because your idea might be good but it might need some extra bits added to it to make it better.
More of a better budget because you don't have to worry about how much money you spend.
Disadvantages:
No consumer input which means a lot of people might not watch the shows or whatever they make and this will lose viewers.
